As we know the Central East Europe contains
Poland, Hungary, Czech, Slovakia, Slovenia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Croatia,
Bosnia etc. 13 countries with total area 117 square kilometers, population over
120 million which has total GDP around 0.9 billion dollar, total foreign trade
0.89 billion dollar. This area has pretty strong foundation in various
industries such as motor industry, generating equipments, mining as well as
aircraft manufacturing, shipbuilding, even on biotechnology, pharmacy and also
has advantage in producing agricultural products and grape wine. All of these industries experienced a rapid
development since 7 of them (Poland, Hungary, Czech...) entered the EU, and
becoming more competitive.
From now on, let me specifying some
dominant industries and put them into these main CEE countries which has dominant
in each industry as well.
No.1:
Motor industry
Czech Republic:
Since the data shows motor industry already
has over 100 years history in Czech Republic, it is the most important
department in processing industry there. It also takes 20% in its economy which
makes car being the major export product and the export has topped 9% of the
total export in Czech. Škoda is the main place they produce cars, its annual
output has reached 500,000 cars and selling to all over the world, obviously it
became the bellwether in its field. Nowadays, the first car “Octavia” which
corporate with Shanghai Volkswagen was coming to the market. Not only in small
cars but coach has taken a competitive position in West European market. We can
see the biggest coach producing factory is Karosa there.
In addition, more than 40 car manufacture
out of the top 100 has set the branches in Czech.
Poland:
Since 1990, the motor industry has
developed well in Poland by absorbing foreign investment. The output of cars
and export continuously increasing, the product quality and level of skills has
improved as well, Poland became the No.8 car-making country in Europe, just
after Russia, Czech and Sweden. The three biggest manufacturers are Fiat, Opel
and Volkswagen which are well-known by all of us. The high criteria for fitting
technology and various devices to choose give incentives for famous company
investing there.
Slovakia:
Motor industry takes a pretty important
strategic position in Slovakia. Volkswagen AG is the most powerful enterprise
there, some well-known manufacturers like the PSA from France and the Kia from
Korea has also invest plants there. In 2006, these three manufacturers has
producing 295390 cars in total which occupies 28.4% of total industrial output.
Except investing in plants, the fittings became attractive too, the investment
of fitting keeps climbing. The worldMarkets Research Centre(WMRC) says Slovakia
and India, Thailand, Iran as well as Czech are the most attractive countries of
motor industry, they will be the center for developing new cars in the near
future.
Hungary:
Motor industry is a traditional industry in
Hungary. Since 90s of 20th century, car and its fitting industry got
rapid development and became the main pillar of Hungarian motor industry, the
foreign investment takes a huge portion. In 1992, the Suzuki from Japan set the
first manufacturer in Hungary, then Opel Germany in 1994, Audi in 1997. Audi
started car assembling since 1998 but not just producing the engine. The
General Motor is producing automobile gearbox for all European countries as
well as exporting to China.
Romania:
The industrial base in Romania is very
well. It mainly has Dacia, Oman, Roman Corporation. Dacia started producing
Renault(Romania) and named it as DACIA 1300, this car kept its production
around 35 years. In 1999, Renault purchased Dacia, and then produced SuperNova
and Solenza in 2000 and 2003. In 2004, Dacia offered an economic car which
called Logan, it was acclaimed by the market. However the Roman Corporation stopped
its production under a fierce competition in the market, now they are looking
for the substitution.
All of these helped CEE countries in
increasing more working position.
No.2:
Environmental Protection Technology and Equipment:
In CEE countries for example Hungary, Czech
and Slovakia, they have pretty high level in dealing with industrial sewage,
waste disposal and microbiological treatment.
Here I mention the R-AN-D-N technology from Czech, which is widely
used in different area. Also the USBF technology to processing the sewage, it
has applied in so many countries such as USA, Germany, Italy, Canada, Spain and
so on.
No.3:
Pharmacy
Hungary:
It has more than one year history and it
became one of the most competitive industry in Hungary.
There are more than 20 pharmaceutical
factory, The biggest one IS Richter Gedeon. This company has over 100 products
and 140 kind of preparation. This company has its own R&D department and
producing medicine by their own, these products can apply for all the
therapeutic area. Two third of its products has sent to over 100 countries.
Egis pharmaceutical factory is the second
biggest one in Hungary which has a long history.
Chinoin ranks the third one, it exporting
its products to more than 80 countries.
See more please check the following article（part2).
Source&Links:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_industry
eepcindia.org/bulletin/b20050810/OMI.pdf
www.iese.edu/research/pdfs/DI-0920-E.pdf
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